Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Friedreich ataxia (FA) is a multisystem autosomal recessive disease with progressive clinical course involving the neuromuscular and endocrine system. Individuals with FA have an increased risk of developing diabetes. In FA-associated diabetes, both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance have been reported. We present a case with FA, presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) as the first presentation of diabetes mellitus.Case Presentati...

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a well- known and a major acute complication of diabetes, mainly of the patients with type 1 diabetes. It is not uncommon in patients with type 2 diabetes. This situation is characterised by the presence of serum ketones greater than 5 mEq/l and ketonuria, a blood glucose level greater than 250 mg/dl, a blood PH less than 7.3 and a serum bicarbonate level of less than 18 mEq/l. There are different factors that cause ketoacidosis. DKA can be the initial...

Thyrotoxicosis is characterised by the excess of thyroid hormones into blood. The most extreme appearance of it, is thyroid storm which is presented as an acute, severe, life-threatening, hypermetabolic state caused by the added quantities of thyroid hormones, causing adrenergic hyperactivity and abnormal periphery response of thyroid hormones. The incidence of thyroid storm is evaluated at 0.2/100000 in year. The mortality of untreated thyroid storm varies from 80–100% w...

It is well known nowadays the positive effect that early detection of prediabetes has in preventing and postponing the diabetes onset. The aim of our study is to explore the diabetes prevalence in Albania and to identify and stratify the population at risk for developing diabetes.Material and methods: A large scale multicentre screening was performed in Albania as part of a National Campaign. 15744 patients were consecutively recluted. The following data...

Introduction: Thyroid nodule size is routinely assessed and has been a cause for concern, if it is a carcinoma or not.Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between thyroid nodule size and cancer risk. It was a retrospective analysis of 386 patients with thyroid nodules who referred to surgery in our hospital from January 2011 to March 2016. Patient’s demographic data, nodules size, and final pathology were recorded. All data were analyses us...

Background: The involvement of nurses in diabetes patient education has an important contribution in the improvement in the quality of care provided. Experience and knowledge in diabetes and its management are crucial for teaching patients with diabetes effectively.Material and methods: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of nurse Training Course in the improvement of the knowledge of diabetes among nurses. Ten Diabetes Education Unit’s n...

Background: Adrenal metastatic melanoma can be found in up to 50% of patients with melanomas. These tumors are not hormone-secreting, and they usually present with locally advanced disease.The case: We report on the presence of a bilateral massive metastatic adrenal melanoma in a 56-year old woman with the initial clinical diagnosis of bilateral adrenal cyst or hemorrhage, and chronic adrenal failure. The patient underwent surgery one month before the ad...

Introduction: Diabetic muscle infarction is a very uncommon complication of diabetes and predominately occurs in type 1 diabetes (70% of cases) or long standing poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients, often misdiagnosed as cellulitis. It is defined as spontaneous ischemic necrosis of skeletal muscle that is unrelated to atheroembolism or occlusion of major arteries.Case presentation: We report a case of 54-years-old women non-smoker with an 8 years h...

Background: Psychiatric symptoms have been reported quite frequently in thyroid disease. Dementia associated with hyperthyroidism is less well documented.The case: We present the case of a 62 years old woman, who initially presented for a neurological consultation about her symptoms suggested Alzheimer’s disease. The patient had been under treatment for more than seven years for type 2 diabetes and developed frequently episodes of hypoglycemia. She ...

Background: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the gold standard in detecting thyroid cancer. The overall incidence of thyroid cancer is 9–13% in patients with thyroid nodule that are eligible for FNAB. If the sample taken is sufficient, a negative FNA-B response eliminates the carcinoma risk in 98–99% of cases.The aim of the study: To access the role of FNAB in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer in Albania.Materi...